• Purity

  >90%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie? Blue Staining.

• Endotoxin Level

  <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.  

• Activity

  Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. When Recombinant Human CA125/MUC16 is coated at 1 μg/mL (100 μL/well), the concentration of Recombinant Human Galectin?3 (Catalog # ) that produces 50% of the optimal binding response is found to be approximately 0.35-1.4 μg/mL.

• Source

  Chinese Hamster Ovary cell line, CHO-derived Met13360-Gln14347 (Met13472Thr & Gln13957Lys) with a C-terminal 6-His tag

• Accession #

• N-terminal Sequence    
  Analysis

  Met13360

• Predicted Molecular Mass

  110 kDa

• SDS-PAGE

  170-200 kDa, reducing conditions

Background: CA125/MUC16

MUC16, also known as the CA125 antigen, is a mucin protein that may be found in type I transmembrane or secreted forms that are used monitor the progress of epithelial ovarian cancer therapy (1, 2). Expression of isoforms, proteolytic cleavage, and heavy N- and O- linked glycosylation produce forms of human MUC16 that can vary from 1148 to 22152 amino acids (aa) in length and 200 - 5000 kDa in size (1, 2). The 22152 aa form contains ser/thr-rich N-terminal tandem repeats, 4 LRR (Leu-rich repeat) domains, 56 SEA (sea urchin sperm protein, enterokinase and agrin) domains, a transmembrane domain, and a 31 aa cytoplasmic domain that includes a tyrosine phosphorylation site (1-4). SEA domains are ~120 aa in length, contain conserved residues including potential O-glycosylation sites and a pair of cysteines, and are often found in transmembrane mucins (3). The protein produced by R&D Systems represents aa 13360-14347 of the full sequence and includes the last 6 SEA domains. It shares 68% aa identity with canine MUC16. MUC16 is over-expressed by tumor cells including ovarian and mesothelial cancers (5). The transmembrane form can adhere to mesothelin in the peritoneum, facilitating metastasis of ovarian cancer to the peritoneal cavity (5-7). MUC16 also binds galectin-1 on immune cells and enhances its expression on tumor cells (8). MUC16-expressing tumors adhere to NK cells, down-regulate CD16 and suppress NK response, which may promote immune evasion (9, 10). MUC16 is also cyclically expressed in the endometrium and may contribute to immune privilege during pregnancy (10). In the eye, MUC16 and other mucins protect the cornea and keep it hydrated. It is altered on the conjunctival epithelium of patients with non-Sjogren dry eye syndrome (11).

• References:

1. Yin, B. W. T. K. O. Lloyd, 2001, J. Biol. Chem. 276:27371.

2. Maeda, T. et al. (2004) J. Biol. Chem. 279:13174.

3. Fendrick, J. L. et al. (1997) Tumour Biol. 18:278.

4. Swissprot accession Q8WXI7.

5. Kaneko, O. et al. (2009) J. Biol. Chem. 284:3739.

6. Rump, A. et al. (2004) J. Biol. Chem. 279:9190.

7. Gubbels, J. A. A. et al. (2006) Mol. Cancer 5:50.

8. Seelenmeyer, C. et al. (2003) J. Cell Sci. 116:1305.

9. Patankar, M. S. et al. (2005) Gynecol. Oncol. 99:704.

10. Belisle, J. A. et al. (2007) Immunology 122:418.

11. Blalock, T. D. et al. (2007) Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 48:4509.

• Long Name:

  Ovarian Cancer Antigen CA125

• Entrez Gene IDs:

  94025 (Human)

• Alternate Names:

  CA125 ovarian cancer antigen; CA125; CA-125; CA125MUC-16; FLJ14303; MUC16; mucin 16, cell surface associated; mucin-16; Ovarian cancer-related tumor marker CA125; Ovarian carcinoma antigen CA125